Drivers IBM Multifunction Devices



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Note

Despite downloading all the latest drivers I am still finding one unknown device with a device ID of LBA0001. My research indicates that this is a Lenovo System Interface Driver. But I am unable to find the corresponding download on the M92p drivers download location. After a fresh install of Windows 10 Pro 64bit I have one outstanding device that I cannot find the drivers for. In the Device manager it is listing the device as 'PCI Serial Port' with the following hardware ID: PCI VEN8086&DEV1D3D A quick google search shows that this should be handled by the Intel AMT drivers. Photosmart C7100 series ROOT MULTIFUNCTION 0000 The drivers for this device are not installed. The drivers for it from the lenovo site. But I cant even see it's driver in device manager to. My amd lenovo laptop with windows 10 will not complete the printer installation. I follow the instructions for usb installation, it downloads the latest version, approve the EULA, and connect the printer when prompted. It hangs up on the screen that says 'printer detected please wait' and then. 00:00.0 Host bridge 0600: Intel Corporation Haswell-ULT DRAM Controller 8086:0a04 (rev 0b) Subsystem: Lenovo Device 17aa:220c 00:02.0 VGA compatible controller 0300: Intel Corporation Haswell-ULT Integrated Graphics Controller 8086:0a16 (rev 0b) Subsystem: Lenovo Device 17aa:220c Kernel driver in use: i915 00:03.0 Audio device 0403: Intel Corporation Device 8086:0a0c (rev 0b.

Multifunction

This topic is for developers who are creating drivers for keyboard and mouse HID clients. If you are looking to fix a mouse or keyboard, see:

This topic discusses keyboard and mouse HID client drivers. Keyboards and mice represent the first set of HID clients that were standardized in the HID Usage tables and implemented in Windows operating systems. Moda fun network & wireless cards drivers.

Keyboard and mouse HID client drivers are implemented in the form of HID Mapper Drivers. A HID mapper driver is a kernel-mode WDM filter driver that provides a bidirectional interface for I/O requests between a non-HID Class driver and the HID class driver. The mapper driver maps the I/O requests and data protocols of one to the other.

Windows provides system-supplied HID mapper drivers for HID keyboard, and HID mice devices.

Architecture and overview

The following figure illustrates the system-supplied driver stacks for USB keyboard and mouse/touchpad devices.

The figure above includes the following components:

  • KBDHID.sys – HID client mapper driver for keyboards. Converts HID usages into scancodes to interface with the existing keyboard class driver.
  • MOUHID.sys – HID client mapper driver for mice/touchpads. Converts HID usages into mouse commands (X/Y, buttons, wheel) to interface with the existing keyboard class driver.
  • KBDCLASS.sys – The keyboard class driver maintains functionality for all keyboards and keypads on the system in a secure manner.
  • MOUCLASS.sys – The mouse class driver maintains functionality for all mice / touchpads on the system. The driver does support both absolute and relative pointing devices. This is not the driver for touchscreens as that is managed by a different driver in Windows.
  • HIDCLASS.sys - The HID class driver. The HID Class driver is the glue between KBDHID.sys and MOUHID.sys HID clients and various transports (USB, Bluetooth, etc).

The system builds the driver stack as follows:

  • The transport stack creates a physical device object (PDO) for each HID device attached and loads the appropriate HID transport driver which in turn loads the HID Class Driver.
  • The HID class driver creates a PDO for each keyboard or mouse TLC. Complex HID devices (more than 1 TLC) are exposed as multiple PDOs created by HID class driver. For example, a keyboard with an integrated mouse might have one collection for the standard keyboard controls and a different collection for the mouse.
  • The keyboard or mouse hid client mapper drivers are loaded on the appropriate FDO.
  • The HID mapper drivers create FDOs for keyboard and mouse, and load the class drivers.

Important notes:

  • Vendor drivers are not required for keyboards and mice that are compliant with the supported HID Usages and top level collections.
  • Vendors may optionally provide filter drivers in the HID stack to alter/enhance the functionality of these specific TLC.
  • Vendors should create separate TLCs, that are vendor specific, to exchange vendor proprietary data between their hid client and the device. Avoid using filter drivers unless critical.
  • The system opens all keyboard and mouse collections for its exclusive use.
  • The system prevents disable/enabling a keyboard.
  • The system provides support for horizontal/vertical wheels with smooth scrolling capabilities.

Driver Guidance

Drivers IBM Multifunction Devices

Microsoft provides the following guidance for IHVs writing drivers:

  1. Driver developers are allowed to add additional drivers in the form of a filter driver or a new HID Client driver. The criteria are described below:

    1. Filters Drivers: Driver developers should ensure that their value-add driver is a filter driver and does not replace (or be used in place of) existing Windows HID drivers in the input stack.

      • Filter drivers are allowed in the following scenarios:
        • As an upper filter to kbdhid/mouhid
        • As an upper filter to kbdclass/mouclass
      • Filter drivers are not recommended as a filter between HIDCLASS and HID Transport minidriver
    2. Function Drivers: Alternatively vendors can create a function driver (instead of a filter driver) but only for vendor specific HID PDOs (with a user mode service if necessary).

      Function drivers are allowed in the following scenarios:

      • Only load on the specific vendor’s hardware
    3. Transport Drivers: Windows team does not recommend creating additional HID Transport minidriver as they are complex drivers to write/maintain. If a partner is creating a new HID Transport minidriver, especially on SoC systems, we recommend a detailed architectural review to understand the reasoning and ensure that the driver is developed correctly.

  2. Driver developers should leverage driver Frameworks (KMDF or UMDF) and not rely on WDM for their filter drivers.

  3. Driver developers should reduce the number of kernel-user transitions between their service and the driver stack.

  4. Driver developers should ensure ability to wake the system via both keyboard and touchpad functionality (adjustable by the end user (device manager) or the PC manufacturer). In addition on SoC systems, these devices must be able to wake themselves from a lower powered state while the system is in a working S0 state.

  5. Driver developers should ensure that their hardware is power managed efficiently.

    • Device can go into its lowest power state when the device is idle.
    • Device is in the lowest power state when the system is in a low power state (for example, standby (S3) or connected standby).

Keyboard layout

A keyboard layout fully describes a keyboard's input characteristics for Microsoft Windows 2000 and later versions. For example, a keyboard layout specifies the language, keyboard type and version, modifiers, scan codes, and so on.

See the following for information about keyboard layouts:

  • Keyboard header file, kdb.h, in the Windows Driver Development Kit (DDK), which documents general information about keyboard layouts.

  • Sample keyboard layouts.

Native instruments mobile phones & portable devices driver download free. To visualize the layout of a specific keyboard, see Windows Keyboard Layouts.

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For additional details around the keyboard layout, visit Control PanelClock, Language, and RegionLanguage.

Supported buttons and wheels on mice

The following table identifies the features supported across different client versions of the Windows operating system.

FeatureWindows XPWindows VistaWindows 7Windows 8 and later
Buttons 1-5Supported (P/2 & HID)Supported (PS/2 & HID)Supported (PS/2 & HID)Supported (PS/2 & HID)
Vertical Scroll WheelSupported (PS/2 & HID)Supported (PS/2 & HID)Supported (PS/2 & HID)Supported (PS/2 & HID)
Horizontal Scroll WheelNot SupportedSupported(HID only)Supported(HID only)Supported(HID only)
Smooth Scroll Wheel Support (Horizontal and Vertical)Not SupportedPartly SupportedSupported (HID only)Supported (HID only)

Activating buttons 4-5 and wheel on PS/2 mice

The method used by Windows to activate the new 4&5-button + wheel mode is an extension of the method used to activate the third button and the wheel in IntelliMouse-compatible mice:

  • First, the mouse is set to the 3-button wheel mode, which is accomplished by setting the report rate consecutively to 200 reports/second, then to 100 reports/second, then to 80 reports/second, and then reading the ID from the mouse. The mouse should report an ID of 3 when this sequence is completed.
  • Next, the mouse is set to the 5-button wheel mode, which is accomplished by setting the report rate consecutively to 200 reports/second, then to 200 reports/second again, then to 80 reports/second, and then reading the ID from the mouse. Once this sequence is completed, a 5-button wheel mouse should report an ID of 4 (whereas an IntelliMouse-compatible 3-button wheel mouse would still report an ID of 3).

Note that this is applicable to PS/2 mice only and is not applicable to HID mice (HID mice must report accurate usages in their report descriptor).

Standard PS/2-compatible mouse data packet format (2 Buttons)

ByteD7D6D5D4D3D2D1D0Comment
1YoverXoverYsignXsignTagMRLX/Y overvlows and signs, buttons
2X7X6X5X4X3X2X1X0X data byte
3Y7Y6Y5Y4Y3Y2Y1Y0Y data bytes

Note

Windows mouse drivers do not check the overflow bits. In case of overflow, the mouse should simply send the maximal signed displacement value.

Standard PS/2-compatible mouse data packet format (3 Buttons + VerticalWheel)

ByteD7D6D5D4D3D2D1D0Comment
100YsignXsign1MRLX/Y signs and R/L/M buttons
2X7X6X5X4X3X2X1X0X data byte
3Y7Y6Y5Y4Y3Y2Y1Y0Y data bytes
4Z7Z6Z5Z4Z3Z2Z1Z0Z/wheel data byte

Standard PS/2-compatible mouse data packet format (5 Buttons + VerticalWheel)

ByteD7D6D5D4D3D2D1D0Comment
100YsignXsign1MRLX/Y signs and R/L/M buttons
2X7X6X5X4X3X2X1X0X data byte
3Y7Y6Y5Y4Y3Y2Y1Y0Y data bytes
400B5B4Z3Z2Z1Z0Z/wheel data and buttons 4 and 5

Important

Notice that the Z/wheel data for a 5-button wheel mouse has been reduced to four bits instead of the 8 bits used in the IntelliMouse-compatible 3-button wheel mode. This reduction is made possible by the fact that the wheel typically cannot generate values beyond the range +7/-8 during any given interrupt period. Windows mouse drivers will sign extend the four Z/wheel data bits when the mouse is in the 5-button wheel mode, and the full Z/wheel data byte when the mouse operates in the 3-button wheel mode.

Buttons 4 & 5 on are mapped to WM_APPCOMMAND messages and correspond to App_Back and App_Forward.

Devices not requiring vendor drivers

Vendor drivers are not required for the following devices:

  • Devices that comply with the HID Standard.
  • Keyboard, mouse, or game port devices operated by the system-supplied non-HIDClass drivers.

Kbfiltr sample

Kbfiltr is designed to be used with Kbdclass, the system class driver for keyboard devices and I8042prt, the function driver for a PS/2-style keyboard. Kbfiltr demonstrates how to filter I/O requests and how to add callback routines that modify the operation of Kbdclass and I8042prt.

For more information about Kbfiltr operation, see the following:

  • The ntddkbd.h WDK header file.

  • The sample Kbfiltr source code.

Kbfiltr IOCTLs

IOCTL_INTERNAL_I8042_HOOK_KEYBOARD

The IOCTL_INTERNAL_I8042_HOOK_KEYBOARD request does the following:

  • Adds an initialization callback routine to the I8042prt keyboard initialization routine.
  • Adds an ISR callback routine to the I8042prt keyboard ISR.

The initialization and ISR callbacks are optional and are provided by an upper-level filter driver for a PS/2-style keyboard device.

After I8042prt receives an IOCTL_INTERNAL_KEYBOARD_CONNECT request, it sends a synchronous IOCTL_INTERNAL_I8042_HOOK_KEYBOARD request to the top of the keyboard device stack.

After Kbfiltr receives the hook keyboard request, Kbfiltr filters the request in the following way:

  • Saves the upper-level information passed to Kbfiltr, which includes the context of an upper-level device object, a pointer to an initialization callback, and a pointer to an ISR callback.
  • Replaces the upper-level information with its own.
  • Saves the context of I8042prt and pointers to callbacks that the Kbfiltr ISR callback can use.

IOCTL_INTERNAL_KEYBOARD_CONNECT

The IOCTL_INTERNAL_KEYBOARD_CONNECT request connects the Kbdclass service to the keyboard device. Kbdclass sends this request down the keyboard device stack before it opens the keyboard device.

After Kbfiltr received the keyboard connect request, Kbfiltr filters the connect request in the following way:

  • Saves a copy of Kbdclass's CONNECT_DATA (Kbdclass) structure that is passed to the filter driver by Kbdclass.
  • Substitutes its own connect information for the class driver connect information.
  • Sends the IOCTL_INTERNAL_KEYBOARD_CONNECT request down the device stack.

If the request is not successful, Kbfiltr completes the request with an appropriate error status.

Kbfiltr provides a template for a filter service callback routine that can supplement the operation of KeyboardClassServiceCallback, the Kbdclass class service callback routine. The filter service callback can filter the input data that is transferred from the device input buffer to the class data queue.

IOCTL_INTERNAL_KEYBOARD_DISCONNECT

The IOCTL_INTERNAL_KEYBOARD_DISCONNECT request is completed with a status of STATUS_NOT_IMPLEMENTED. Note that a Plug and Play keyboard can be added or removed by the Plug and Play manager.

For all other device control requests, Kbfiltr skips the current IRP stack and sends the request down the device stack without further processing.

Callback routines implemented by Kbfiltr

KbFilter_InitializationRoutine

See PI8042_KEYBOARD_INITIALIZATION_ROUTINE

The KbFilter_InitializationRoutine is not needed if the I8042prt default initialization of a keyboard is sufficient.

I8042prt calls KbFilter_InitializationRoutine when it initializes the keyboard. Default keyboard initialization includes the following operations:

  • reset the keyboard
  • set the typematic rate and delay
  • set the light-emitting diodes (LED)

KbFilter_IsrHook

See PI8042_KEYBOARD_ISR. This callback is not needed if the default operation of I8042prt is sufficient.

The I8042prt keyboard ISR calls KbFilter_IsrHook after it validates the interrupt and reads the scan code.

KbFilter_IsrHook runs in kernel mode at the IRQL of the I8042prt keyboard.

KbFilter_ServiceCallback

See PSERVICE_CALLBACK_ROUTINE.

The ISR dispatch completion routine of the function driver calls KbFilter_ServiceCallback, which then calls the keyboard class driver's implementation of PSERVICE_CALLBACK_ROUTINE. A vendor can implement a filter service callback to modify the input data that is transferred from the device's input buffer to the class data queue. For example, the callback can delete, transform, or insert data.

Moufiltr sample

Moufiltr is designed to be used with Mouclass, the system class driver for mouse devices used with Windows 2000 and later versions, and I8042prt, the function driver for a PS/2-style mouse used with Windows 2000 and later. Moufiltr demonstrates how to filter I/O requests and add callback routines that modify the operation of Mouclass and I8042prt.

For more information about Moufiltr operation, see the following:

  • The ntddmou.h WDK header file.

  • The sample Moufiltr source code.

Moufiltr control codes

IOCTL_INTERNAL_I8042_HOOK_MOUSE

The IOCTL_INTERNAL_I8042_HOOK_MOUSE request adds an ISR callback routine to the I8042prt mouse ISR. The ISR callback is optional and is provided by an upper-level mouse filter driver.

I8042prt sends this request after it receives an IOCTL_INTERNAL_MOUSE_CONNECT request. I8042prt sends a synchronous IOCTL_INTERNAL_I8042_HOOK_MOUSE request to the top of the mouse device stack.

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After Moufiltr receives the hook mouse request, it filters the request in the following way:

  • Saves the upper-level information passed to Moufiltr, which includes the context of an upper-level device object and a pointer to an ISR callback.
  • Replaces the upper-level information with its own.
  • Saves the context of I8042prt and pointers to callbacks that the Moufiltr ISR callbacks can use.

Moufiltr Callback Routines

IOCTL_INTERNAL_MOUSE_CONNECT

The IOCTL_INTERNAL_MOUSE_CONNECT request connects Mouclass service to a mouse device.

IOCTL_INTERNAL_MOUSE_DISCONNECT

The IOCTL_INTERNAL_MOUSE_DISCONNECT request is completed by Moufiltr with an error status of STATUS_NOT_IMPLEMENTED.

Ibm

For all other requests, Moufiltr skips the current IRP stack and sends the request down the device stack without further processing.

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Callback routines

MouFilter_IsrHook

See PI8042_MOUSE_ISR.

Drivers IBM Multifunction Devices

A MouFilter_IsrHook callback is not needed if the default operation of I8042prt is sufficient.

The I8042prt mouse ISR calls MouFilter_IsrHook after it validates the interrupt.

To reset a mouse, I8042prt goes through a sequence of operational substates, each one of which is identified by an MOUSE_RESET_SUBSTATE enumeration value. For more information about how I8042prt resets a mouse and the corresponding mouse reset substates, see the documentation of MOUSE_RESET_SUBSTATE in ntdd8042.h.

MouFilter_IsrHook runs in kernel mode at the IRQL of the I8042prt mouse ISR.

MouFilter_ServiceCallback

See PSERVICE_CALLBACK_ROUTINE

The ISR DPC of I8042prt calls MouFilter_ServiceCallback, which then calls MouseClassServiceCallback. A filter service callback can be configured to modify the input data that is transferred from the device's input buffer to the class data queue. For example, the callback can delete, transform, or insert data.

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A multifunction device occupies one location on its parent bus but contains more than one function. Combination printer/scanner/fax devices and modem/network cards are common multifunction devices.

In a multifunction device, the individual functions are independent. This means the functions must have the following characteristics:

  • The functions cannot have start-order dependencies.

  • The resource requirements for one function cannot be expressed in terms of the resources of another function (for example, function1 uses I/O port x and function2 uses port x + 200).

  • Each function must be able to operate as a separate device, even if it is serviced by the same drivers as another function.

  • Each function on the device must be enumerated.

  • Resource requirements for each function must be communicated to the PnP manager.

  • There must be INF files and drivers for each function.

The component responsible for each of these tasks depends on the multifunction standard for the device's parent bus, the extent to which the device conforms to the standard, and the capabilities of the parent bus driver.

Drivers Ibm Multifunction Devices Software

If the device complies with the multifunction standards for its bus, your driver requirements are significantly reduced. Industry-wide multifunction standards have been defined for the PC Card and PCI buses.

If you are working with a multifunction DVD/CD-ROM device used for data storage (not for audio/video playback), you should use the system-supplied WDM DVD class driver, which treats the device as a single logical unit.

For a multifunction device that combines other functionality, you can use a system-supplied driver and INF file if the device complies with the multifunction standards for its bus. The system supplied multifunction driver (mf.sys) can handle the bus-level enumeration and resource allocation requirements for the device, and the system-supplied INF (mf.sys) can install the multifunction device. You need to supply only a function driver and INF file for each of the individual device functions.

If the device does not comply with the standard for its bus, you might need to supply a driver equivalent to mf.sys in functionality, in addition to function drivers and INF files for the device functions.

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To install a multifunction device, you typically provide a base INF file for the device and an additional INF file for each of the device's functions. The base INF file typically copies the INF files for the device's individual functions. For information about how to accomplish this, see Copying INFs.

The following sections describe driver and installation requirements for various types of multifunction devices:

See INF File Sections and INF File Directives for information about INF file syntax.

The Windows Driver Kit (WDK) includes a separate section that describes how to support multifunction audio devices.